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清理阶段
清理阶段的确定是附件1的要求。它定义为通风系统将“运行中”运行状态下的颗粒物浓度清理至该阶段颗粒物浓度限值所经过的时间。工作状态“静止”。因此,清理时间是从“运行中”运行状态开始测量到“静止”运行状态结束的。要求清理阶段不少于20分钟。 附件1适用于无菌药品的生产,但也可用于其他形式的生产。这也是极其明智的,因为尤其是在固体剂型等粉尘生产中,在产品更换期间避免交叉污染至关重要。除了清洁生产设备外,在生产新产品之前还必须清洁场地和房间内的空气。因此必须知道通风系统需要多长时间才能再次达到清洁(静止)状态。只要合理(风险分析或污染控制策略),清洁阶段是针对清洁度等级 B、C 和 D 的场所(不适用于 A 区)以及非无菌生产区域确定的。 因此,除了清洁验证之外,产品转换后遵守清洁阶段也是回答 GMP 检查员问题的一部分:“如何防止交叉污染?”。了解非无菌固体剂型生产的答案也很有帮助。
恢复时间
恢复时间是ISO 14644的要求。恢复时间测试的目的是确定洁净室在短暂暴露于空气颗粒源后是否能够在有限的时间内恢复到其指定的洁净度等级。不建议对低湍流置换流进行此测试(至于清理阶段,请参见上文)。因此,在添加一定量的颗粒后,在静止状态下测量恢复时间。恢复时间还提供有关气闸室锁定时间的信息。因此,不仅建议用于生产室,还建议用于所有具有湍流稀释流的房间。对于恢复时间没有规范要求;每家公司都有义务规定恢复时间。此外,没有规定测量恢复时间的时间间隔,但它是在初始鉴定(分类)期间进行的,并且在房间或换气率发生变化时重复进行。 由于两种测量完全不同,因此必须对恢复时间和清理阶段进行测量。阶段
清理阶段的确定是附件1的要求。它定义为通风系统将“运行中”运行状态下的颗粒物浓度清理至该阶段颗粒物浓度限值所经过的时间。工作状态“静止”。因此,清理时间是从“运行中”运行状态开始测量到“静止”运行状态结束的。要求清理阶段不少于20分钟。 附件1适用于无菌药品的生产,但也可用于其他形式的生产。这也是极其明智的,因为尤其是在固体剂型等粉尘生产中,在产品更换期间避免交叉污染至关重要。除了清洁生产设备外,在生产新产品之前还必须清洁场地和房间内的空气。因此必须知道通风系统需要多长时间才能再次达到清洁(静止)状态。只要合理(风险分析或污染控制策略),清洁阶段是针对清洁度等级 B、C 和 D 的场所(不适用于 A 区)以及非无菌生产区域确定的。 因此,除了清洁验证之外,产品转换后遵守清洁阶段也是回答 GMP 检查员问题的一部分:“如何防止交叉污染?”。了解非无菌固体剂型生产的答案也很有帮助。
恢复时间
恢复时间是ISO 14644的要求。恢复时间测试的目的是确定洁净室在短暂暴露于空气颗粒源后是否能够在有限的时间内恢复到其指定的洁净度等级。不建议对低湍流置换流进行此测试(至于清理阶段,请参见上文)。因此,在添加一定量的颗粒后,在静止状态下测量恢复时间。恢复时间还提供有关气闸室锁定时间的信息。因此,不仅建议用于生产室,还建议用于所有具有湍流稀释流的房间。对于恢复时间没有规范要求;每家公司都有义务规定恢复时间。此外,没有规定测量恢复时间的时间间隔,但它是在初始鉴定(分类)期间进行的,并且在房间或换气率发生变化时重复进行。 由于两种测量完全不同,因此必须对恢复时间和清理阶段进行测量。 Clean-up phase
The determination of the clean-up phase is a requirement of Annex 1. It is defined as the time that elapses until the ventilation system has cleaned the particle concentration in the operating state "in operation" to the limit value of the particle concentration for the operating state "at rest". Consequently, the clean-up time is measured starting in the operating state "in operation" and ending in the operating state "at rest". The requirement is that the clean-up phase is less than 20 minutes. Annex 1 applies to the production of sterile medicinal products, but can also be used for the production of other forms. This is also extremely sensible, as especially in the dusty production of e.g. solid dosage forms, the avoidance of cross-contamination during a product change is essential. Besides cleaning the manufacturing equipment, the premises and the air in the rooms must also be cleaned before a new product is produced. So it must be known how long the ventilation system needs to reach the clean (at rest) state again. The clean-up phase is determined for premises of cleanliness classes B, C and D (not for zone A) as well as in the non-sterile production areas, as far as reasonable (risk analysis or contamination control strategy). So, in addition to cleaning validation, compliance with the clean-up phase after product changeover is part of the answer to a GMP inspector's question: "How do you prevent cross-contamination?". And it is also helpful to know the answer in the production of non-sterile, solid dosage forms.
Recovery time
The recovery time is a requirement of ISO 14644. The recovery time test is performed to determine whether the cleanroom is capable of returning to its specified cleanliness class within a limited period of time after brief exposure to a source of airborne particles. This test is not recommended for low-turbulence displacement flow (as for the clean-up phase, see above). The recovery time is thus measured in the state at rest, after an amount of particles has been added. The recovery time also provides information on the locking times in airlocks. It is therefore not only recommended for production rooms, but for all rooms with turbulent dilution flow. There is no normative requirement for a recovery time; each company is obliged to define a recovery time. Also, no time interval for measuring the recovery time is specified, but it is carried out during the initial qualification (classification) and is repeated in the event of a change in the room or the air change rate. Since both measurements are completely different, measurements of both the recovery time and the clean-up phase have to be carried out.
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